water purification system treatment Methods and Principles

1、 The classification of wastewater treatment methods The mission of wastewater treatment is to use various technical measures to separate or decompose various shaped pollutants contained in wastewater into stable substances, so as to purify the wastewater. Modern wastewater treatment skills can be divided into physical, chemical, and biological methods based on their effectiveness principles and removal goals. Physical methods utilize physical effects to separate pollutants in wastewater from floating state, without changing the chemical properties of water during the treatment process. Treatment processes such as grid, sedimentation, air flotation, filtration, reverse osmosis, centrifugation, transpiration, crystallization, etc. are all classified as physical methods.

Chemical method is the addition of certain chemical substances to wastewater, using chemical reactions to separate, transform, damage or recover pollutants in wastewater, and convert them into substances. Treatment processes such as coagulation, neutralization, oxygen reduction, adsorption, ion exchange, membrane separation, stripping, extraction, etc. are all classified as chemical methods. Biological method utilizes the metabolic function of microorganisms in water to degrade organic matter in a dissolved and colloidal state in wastewater, and convert it into stable and stable substances, thus purifying the wastewater. Methods such as activated sludge, biofilm, natural biological treatment, and anaerobic biological treatment are all classified as biological methods.

2、 Introduction to Wastewater Treatment Methods and Principles

1. The physical method aims to remove insoluble suspended substances from water. The main processing equipment and methods used include grids, screens, sedimentation (sand settling), filtration, microfiltration, air flotation, centrifugation (swirl) separation, etc.

① A grid (sieve) is a frame made of a set of parallel metal bars arranged at an angle of 60~ 70. In the channel through which wastewater flows, when the wastewater flows past, blocky pollutants are intercepted by the grid and removed from the wastewater. It is an equipment that has maintenance effects on subsequent treatment structures or wastewater lifting pump stations, and the screen interception is also classified as this type of equipment.

② Sedimentation (sand settling) is a method of separating wastewater from suspended solids by utilizing the gravitational effect of the suspended solids themselves. This process is highly efficient, simple, and widely used. It is often repeatedly used in wastewater treatment and is a very important treatment structure. Sedimentation tanks are primarily used to remove many particulate suspended solids from wastewater, while sedimentation tanks are primarily used to remove solid particles with higher density in wastewater.

③ Air flotation is a method of treating wastewater by introducing numerous dense micro bubbles into the bath, causing them to adhere to fine suspended solids and form a floating body with a density less than water. It then rises to the surface of the water by buoyancy to achieve separation of solid and liquid. Air flotation can be divided into three categories based on the source of bubbles: pressure dissolved air flotation, electrolytic coagulation air flotation, and microporous air flotation.

The article originates from natural ecological water purification systems http://www.scneng.com.hk