The types of rural sewage are complex, with small planning, scattered discharge, instability, and significant regional differences. It is important to choose appropriate rural sewage treatment methods and skill systems. However, the lack of a scientific decision-making and planning system has led to a high degree of subjectivity and randomness in the selection of skills and processes. Although the overall share is still relatively low compared to the urban sewage treatment rate, the annual growth rate is relatively fast. Due to various factors such as economic conditions, there are significant differences in rural sewage treatment rates in different regions. Currently, the construction of rural sewage treatment equipment mostly focuses on economically developed areas.

Concentrated treatment in the receiving area, nearby treatment of village sewage, and in-situ treatment of household sewage. The primary method of centralized treatment in the management area is for villages in the suburbs of townships, where the sewage from farmers is collected and transported through the pipeline network to the township sewage treatment plant for consistent treatment; The nearby treatment method for village sewage collection is to collect household sewage from the village through a pipeline network and collect it for consistent treatment at the village sewage treatment station; Household in situ treatment refers to the use of small sewage treatment equipment or natural ecological treatment methods to treat or use the sewage of a single or several households in their front and back of the house.

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The primary factors that determine the sewage treatment method include village development planning, population planning, population density (or house spacing), distance from the municipal pipe network in urban (town) areas, environmental conditions, economic conditions, and operation management, which also depend on the purpose of the treated water. Regarding water scarce areas, the combination of sewage treatment and agricultural production water is highly valued, which can not only achieve the regeneration and utilization of sewage, but also reduce the cost of sewage treatment.

In villages near townships, the main method is usually to collect and transport sewage from farmers to the township sewage treatment plant for treatment. In areas with high urbanization rates, high population density, and developed economies, rural sewage treatment equipment is generally regarded as a part of municipal infrastructure, and is handled in accordance with township sewage treatment equipment. These areas usually have high requirements for water quality treatment and severe land resources, so they attach great importance to rural sewage treatment equipment. Its strengths are high efficiency of sewage treatment equipment, small footprint, and good treatment water quality. Its shortcomings are high construction and operation costs of sewage treatment equipment, and high requirements for the level of specialization of handling personnel.

However, the unreasonable use of fertilizers has also brought about a series of problems such as environmental pollution, food being threatened, and energy waste. China's plowed land area accounts for 7% of the world's total plowed land area, but to feed 22% of the population, it uses 30% of the world's fertilizer, far exceeding the developed application limit of 225 kg/hm2.

The article originates from a deodorant manufacturer http://www.scneng.com.hk